from collections import defaultdict


def execute(program, noun=None, verb=None, stdin=0, debug=False):
    """
    intcode computer, AoC 2019

    Changelog
    =========

    0.2.1
    -----

    Patch release (day 5 part 2).

    - Add operation 5: set instruction pointer to value at parameter 2 position, based on value at parameter 1 position
    - Add operation 6: set instruction pointer to value at parameter 2 position, based on value at parameter 1 position
    - Add operation 7: compares values in parameter 1 position and parameter 2 position, stores at parameter 3 position
    - Add operation 8: compares values in parameter 1 position and parameter 2 position, stores at parameter 3 position

    0.2.0
    -----

    Minor release (day 5 part 1).

    - Support immediate parameter mode
    - Add stdin argument
    - Make arguments optional: noun, verb
    - Capture and return stdout
    - Add operation 3: store stdin to parameter 1 position
    - Add operation 4: output value at parameter 1 position to stdout

    0.1.1
    -----

    Patch release (day 2 part 2).

    - Remove initial modification 1=12, 2=2
    - Add noun argument, stored at pos 1 (default value: 12)
    - Add verb argument, stored at pos 2 (default value: 2)

    0.1.0
    -----

    Initial version (day 2 part 1).

    - Support positional parameter mode
    - Add operation 1: adds parameter 1 to parameter 2, store to parameter 3 position
    - Add operation 2: multiply parameter 1 with parameter 2, store to parameter 3 position
    """
    state = dict(zip(range(len(program)), program))
    if noun:
        state[1] = noun
    if verb:
        state[2] = verb
    n = 0
    c = 0
    stdout = []

    while True:
        instruction = state[n]
        opcode = instruction % 100
        modes = str(instruction // 100 % 100).zfill(2)
        if opcode == 1:
            a = state[n + 1]
            b = state[n + 2]
            p = state[n + 3]
            x = a if modes[1] == "1" else state[a]
            y = b if modes[0] == "1" else state[b]
            state[p] = x + y
            n += 4
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {x} + {y} to {p}")
        if opcode == 2:
            a = state[n + 1]
            b = state[n + 2]
            p = state[n + 3]
            x = a if modes[1] == "1" else state[a]
            y = b if modes[0] == "1" else state[b]
            state[p] = x * y
            n += 4
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {x} * {y} to {p}")
        if opcode == 3:
            p = state[n + 1]
            state[p] = stdin
            n += 2
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {i} to {p}")
        if opcode == 4:
            a = state[n + 1]
            x = a if modes[1] == "1" else state[a]
            n += 2
            stdout.append(x)
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {stdout}")
        if opcode == 5:
            a = state[n + 1]
            b = state[n + 2]
            x = a if modes[1] == "1" else state[a]
            y = b if modes[0] == "1" else state[b]
            if x != 0:
                n = y
            else:
                n += 3
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {n}")
        if opcode == 6:
            a = state[n + 1]
            b = state[n + 2]
            x = a if modes[1] == "1" else state[a]
            y = b if modes[0] == "1" else state[b]
            if x == 0:
                n = y
            else:
                n += 3
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {n}")
        if opcode == 7:
            a = state[n + 1]
            b = state[n + 2]
            p = state[n + 3]
            x = a if modes[1] == "1" else state[a]
            y = b if modes[0] == "1" else state[b]
            state[p] = int(x < y)
            n += 4
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {x}")
        if opcode == 8:
            a = state[n + 1]
            b = state[n + 2]
            p = state[n + 3]
            x = a if modes[1] == "1" else state[a]
            y = b if modes[0] == "1" else state[b]
            state[p] = int(x == y)
            n += 4
            if debug:
                print(f"{n}:{opcode} | {x}")
        if opcode == 99:
            break
        c += 1
        if debug and c % 1000 == 0:
            print(f"{c} instructions done, current pos: {n}")
        # if c == 3:
        #     break
    return state, stdout